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Archive for the ‘cosmology’ category: Page 79

Jan 19, 2024

Oldest Black Hole Ever Observed Is Found Close To The Beginning Of Time

Posted by in category: cosmology

Researchers using the James Webb Space Telescope have uncovered the oldest black hole ever detected—and declared a new era in astronomy.

It was found at the center of GN-z11, a galaxy first discovered in 2017, about 13.4 billion light-years away from our Milky Way galaxy—but about 100 times smaller. That means it exists just 400 million years after the Big Bang, which is thought to have created the universe. However, the black hole looks to be about a billion years old, suggesting problems with theories about how quickly black holes form.

The discovery, announced in a paper published today in the journal Nature, is the result of the sensitivity of JWST, which can see deep into the infrared, detecting old light that has been traveling across deep since the dawn of time.

Jan 19, 2024

Astronomers detect oldest black hole ever observed

Posted by in category: cosmology

Researchers have discovered the oldest black hole ever observed, dating from the dawn of the universe, and found that it is ‘eating’ its host galaxy to death.

The international team, led by the University of Cambridge, used the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to detect the black hole, which dates from 400 million years after the Big Bang, more than 13 billion years ago. The results, which lead author Professor Roberto Maiolino says are “a giant leap forward,” are reported in the journal Nature.

That this surprisingly —a few million times the mass of our sun—even exists so early in the challenges our assumptions about how black holes form and grow. Astronomers believe that the supermassive black holes found at the center of galaxies like the Milky Way grew to their current size over billions of years. But the size of this newly-discovered black hole suggests that they might form in other ways: they might be ‘born big’ or they can eat matter at a rate that’s five times higher than had been thought possible.

Jan 19, 2024

“Barbenheimer Star” Loaded With Heavy Metals Is Unlike Anything Scientists Have Seen Or Expected

Posted by in category: cosmology

An ancient supernova has left a legacy so strange astronomers deemed it worthy of the nickname, despite never seeing the explosion.

Jan 19, 2024

Scientists created a ‘giant quantum vortex’ that mimics a black hole

Posted by in categories: cosmology, quantum physics

Black holes can be difficult to study, so researchers have made a powerful quantum vortex in a tank of superfluid helium that acts as a simulation of a black hole.

By Leah Crane

Jan 19, 2024

A Primordial Dark Matter Galaxy Found Without Stars

Posted by in category: cosmology

Astronomers accidentally keyed in the wrong number for a target at Green Bank Observatory and found a mysterious dark galaxy.

Jan 19, 2024

Brand New Image Of First Black Hole To Be Photographed Reveals Moving Shadow

Posted by in category: cosmology

The brand new image of supermassive black hole M87 is the most detailed yet.

Jan 19, 2024

Tiny black holes from the dawn of time may be altering our planet’s orbit, new study suggests

Posted by in categories: cosmology, materials

A study suggests primordial black holes may make planets and moons near us wobble. If measured experimentally, this will provide the first concrete proof such objects exist.

Jan 19, 2024

The quantum equation suggests that the Big Bang never happened and that the universe has no beginning

Posted by in categories: cosmology, information science, quantum physics

The cosmos may have existed forever, according to a revolutionary model that extends Einstein’s theory of general relativity using quantum correction terms. By taking into consideration dark matter and energy, the model can concurrently address a number of concerns.

Jan 18, 2024

Peering Into the Abyss: The Cutting-Edge Science of Black Hole Illumination

Posted by in categories: cosmology, science

New discoveries in Tidal Disruption Events enhance our understanding of supermassive black holes and their properties.

A new study by Hebrew University is a significant breakthrough in understanding Tidal Disruption Events (TDEs) involving supermassive black holes. The new simulations, for the first time ever, accurately replicate the entire sequence of a TDE from stellar disruption to the peak luminosity of the resulting flare. This study has unveiled a previously unknown type of shockwave within TDEs, settling a longstanding debate about the energy source of the brightest phases in these events. It confirms that shock dissipation powers the brightest weeks of a TDE flare, opening doors for future studies to utilize TDE observations as a means to measure essential properties of black holes and potentially test Einstein’s predictions in extreme gravitational environments.

The mysteries of supermassive black holes have long captivated astronomers, offering a glimpse into the deepest corners of our universe. Now, a new study led by Dr. Elad Steinberg and Dr. Nicholas C. Stone at the Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, sheds new light on these enigmatic cosmic entities.

Jan 18, 2024

Supernova Forensics: Unraveling N132D’s Spectral Mysteries With XRISM

Posted by in categories: chemistry, cosmology

XRISM’s first high-resolution spectrum of supernova remnant N132D offers unprecedented insights into the chemical and physical properties of the aftermath of a star’s explosion, enhancing our understanding of the universe’s elemental composition.

This image is the first high-resolution energy spectrum from the Resolve instrument on JAXA’s XRISM mission. It shows the energy of X-rays being produced within the remains of a massive star exploding in the nearby Large Magellanic Cloud, creating a ‘supernova remnant’ known as N132D. Spectra such as this one will enable scientists to measure the temperature and motion of X-ray emitting gas with unprecedented sensitivity and accuracy.

The spectrum indicates which chemical elements exist in N132D. XRISM can identify each element by measuring the specific energy of X-ray light that it emits (the label ‘keV’ on the x axis of the graph refers to kiloelectronvolts, a unit of energy). The ‘energy resolution’ of XRISM (its capability to distinguish X-ray light arriving with different amounts of energy) is incredible. The faint grey line shows the same spectrum from the XIS instrument on JAXA ’s Suzaku X-ray telescope (source). The energy resolution from XRISM is more than 40 times better over the energy range shown in this spectrum.

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