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Category: supercomputing

Women’s immune systems show bigger age-related changes than men’s, study reveals

Statistics show clear differences in the population’s immune system according to sex: men are more susceptible to infections and cancers, while women have stronger immune responses, which translate, for example, into better responses to vaccines. Even so, with a more reactive immune system, the probability of the body attacking itself also increases, causing 80% of autoimmune disease development to occur in women.

In this context, understanding the aging of the immune system is key since, with age, the composition of immune cells changes and their protective functions deteriorate, causing a greater susceptibility to diseases. However, understanding how sex influences this profound transformation was not possible until now.

A new study by the Barcelona Supercomputing Center—Centro Nacional de Supercomputación (BSC-CNS) published today in Nature Aging demonstrated, for the first time, that immunological aging follows different dynamics between men and women, identifying the cells and genes responsible for the process, and providing a molecular explanation for the differences that previously were only observed globally in the population.

Groove Quantum Demonstrates 18-Qubit Spin Processor and Secures Funding

PRESS RELEASE — Groove Quantum today announced it has raised €16 million in combined funding and demonstrated an 18-qubit semiconductor spin-qubit processor, the largest of its kind ever built. The result marks a step beyond small-scale laboratory prototypes toward a quantum processor architecture designed for large-scale integration. The combined funding consists of €10 million in equity and €6 million in grants. The equity seed round is co-led by Innovation Industries, a leading European deep tech fund, and 55 North, the world’s largest pure-play quantum fund, with participation from Verve Ventures and the European Innovation Council Fund. Additional funding is provided by grants from the EIC Accelerator programme and JU Chips Act funding programme further underscores institutional confidence in Groove’s approach.

Groove will use the capital to scale qubit count exponentially and to begin manufacturing its processors at established semiconductor foundries.

Quantum computers create a fundamentally new way of computing. This opens the door to solving complex challenges that would take today’s most powerful supercomputers impractically long to address, like the discovery of new medicines, and the design of advanced materials for renewable energy – challenges that are highly important and have a profoundly positive impact on humanity.

Not all organs age alike: AI unveils the molecular impact of menopause across the female body

Despite affecting half of the world’s population, menopause has historically been understudied and misunderstood, both in biomedical research and clinical practice. However, with the increase in life expectancy, the number of women in the postmenopausal stage continues to grow and, in 2021, those over 50 already represented 26% of the world’s population, according to the WHO.

Its effects go far beyond the reproductive system and are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodegenerative, and bone diseases. Nevertheless, few studies analyzed in depth how this process affects the female reproductive system as a whole, beyond the ovaries.

In this context, a new study by the Barcelona Supercomputing Center—Centro Nacional de Supercomputación (BSC-CNS), published in Nature Aging, presents the first large-scale atlas of female reproductive system aging, providing a new vision of how this process impacts health.

AI accelerators deliver accurate models for challenging quantum chemistry calculations

The most demanding calculations in quantum chemistry can now be solved with graphics processing unit (GPU) supercomputers. A recently published study shows that software adapted to use GPU hardware can provide not just speed, but also the accuracy needed to solve complex chemistry problems. The work solved the two chemical structures often seen as too complex and expensive to tackle. The advance, published in the Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation, could allow researchers to make meaningful progress in designing new catalysts and improve predicted behaviors of magnetic and electronic materials.

Specifically, the research team—led by computational chemists from NVIDIA, Sandbox AQ, the Wigner Research Centre in Hungary, the Institute for Advanced Study of the Technical University of Munich in Germany, and the Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory—showed that NVIDIA Blackwell architecture effectively tackles complex simulations. Here, the researchers used a mixture of mathematically precise and approximated approaches to accomplish their goal.

“Our study shows that AI-oriented hardware can do more than provide speed—it can also power chemically accurate, strongly correlated quantum chemistry at the frontier of what is computationally feasible,” said Sotiris Xantheas, a computational chemist at PNNL and study author. Xantheas also serves as the principal investigator of Scalable Predictive methods for Excitations and Correlated phenomena (SPEC), a Department of Energy initiative.

Scientists Say Human Brain Simulation Is Now Possible

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*Description:*
Can scientists really simulate a full human brain now? In this video, we explore the latest study claiming that supercomputers may soon be powerful enough to simulate the human brain. We break down how this new method works, why previous brain simulation projects failed, what makes this new research different, and the big ethical questions that come with it. Is this the future of neuroscience and artificial intelligence, or are we still far from creating a true digital human mind? Watch till the end to understand the science in simple words.

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Quantum-inspired algorithm solves 268 million-site quasicrystal simulation in a heartbeat

Quantum technologies like quantum computers are built from quantum materials. These types of materials exhibit quantum properties when exposed to the right conditions. Curiously, engineers can also trigger quantum behavior by manipulating a material’s structure; for example, by stacking layers of graphene on top of each other and twisting them to create a moiré pattern, which suddenly turns them into a superconductor.

The layers can be arranged in increasingly complex ways all the way to quasicrystals and super-moiré materials. The fundamental problem is that scientists must first calculate the properties of potential new materials to predict if they could be useful. Quasicrystals, for example, are so complex they can require processing more than a quadrillion numbers—far beyond the capacity of the world’s most powerful supercomputers.

Now researchers at Aalto University’s Department of Applied Physics have shown how a quantum-inspired algorithm makes solving these colossal, non-periodic quantum materials possible in a heartbeat. The research is published in the journal Physical Review Letters as an Editor’s suggestion.

The once-theoretical skyrmion could unlock supercomputing memory

When looking to the future of information technology, researchers have pinpointed a once-theoretical particle-like structure: the skyrmion. Magnetic skyrmions are very stable structures found on micromagnetic materials that have a vortex-like spin. Because they can be moved with minimal electrical current, these structures could help develop memory to power the next generation of computing without consuming a lot of power.

But until recently, the fundamental properties of the skyrmion remained a mystery to researchers. In a paper published in Nature Communications, researchers shared new details and properties about these structures.

“Skyrmions are highly stable and move with minimal electrical current, paving the way for next-generation memory with extremely low power consumption. It’s the ultimate miniaturization, utilizing ‘world-class’ 2-nanometer structures that will allow ultra-high-density data storage and much smaller electronic devices,” said Kosuke Nakayama, a professor at Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan.

Quantum computers are coming to break our codes faster than anyone expected

Online data is generally pretty secure. Assuming everyone is careful with passwords and other protections, you can think of it as being locked in a vault so strong that even all the world’s supercomputers, working together for 10,000 years, could not crack it.

But last month, Google and others released results suggesting a new kind of computer—a quantum computer—might be able to open the vault with significantly less resources than previously thought.

The changes are coming on two fronts. On one, tech giants such as IBM and Google are racing to build ever-larger quantum computers: IBM hopes to achieve a genuine advantage over classical computers in some special cases this year, and an even more powerful “fault-tolerant” system by 2029.

Avihu28/Quantum-Safe-Bitcoin-Transactions: A way to enable Quantum Safe Bitcoin transactions that is available today

The Cost: You don’t need a supercomputer to stay safe. A standard off-chain GPU and a few hundred dollars can “harden” your transaction against a multi-billion dollar quantum machine.

A way to enable Quantum Safe Bitcoin transactions that is available today. — avihu28/Quantum-Safe-Bitcoin-Transactions.

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