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Category: law

In defense of artificial suffering

Perhaps our last line of defense.

Philosophical Studies — The ability to suffer, in the case of artificial entities, is often viewed as a moral turning point—once detected, there is no going back, and the moral landscape is irreversibly altered. The presence of entities capable of suffering imposes moral and legal obligations on humans. It is therefore unsurprising that many have urged caution in pursuing artificial suffering, with some even proposing a moratorium. In this paper, however, I argue that the emergence of artificial suffering need not entail moral disaster. On the contrary, I defend its development and contend that it may be a necessary feature of superintelligent robots. I suggest that artificial suffering could be essential for enabling human-like ethics in machines, bridging the retribution gap, and functioning as a control mechanism to mitigate existential risks. Rather than constraining research in this area, I maintain that work on artificial suffering should be actively intensified.

Hybrid Cosmopsychism: A Bold New Answer to the Mystery of Consciousness

How Exactly does Panpsychism Help Explain Consciousness?
In this episode, we explore a provocative new theory in the philosophy of mind—hybrid cosmopsy-chism. This hybrid form of panpsychism claims that conscious experience is rooted in the universe itself and distributed through emergent subjects like humans. By combining strong and weak emergence, this view promises to overcome the limitations of both physicalism and dualism, offering a radical yet elegant solution to the hard problem of consciousness.

Disclaimer:

In this video, we use Google’s NotebookLM to assist in the analysis and understanding of complex doc-uments. NotebookLM is a research and writing tool that allows us to generate summaries directly from uploaded documents. The podcast like audio overview you will hear is generated by Google’s AI based on the content of the published paper on the topic.

Please note that the interpretations and summaries generated by NotebookLM are automated and may not capture every detail or nuance. They are intended to aid in understanding but should not be consid-ered a substitute for professional advice or a legal interpretation of the documents.

Dario Amodei — “We are near the end of the exponential”

Predicts significant advancements in AI capabilities within the next decade, which will have a profound impact on society, economy, and individuals, and emphasizes the need for careful governance, equitable distribution of benefits, and responsible development to mitigate risks and maximize benefits ## ## Questions to inspire discussion.

AI Scaling and Progress.

Q: What are the key factors driving AI progress according to the scaling hypothesis?

A: Compute, data quantity and quality, training duration, and objective functions that can scale massively drive AI progress, per Dario Amodei’s “Big Blob of Compute Hypothesis” from 2017.

Q: Why do AI models trained on broad data distributions perform better?

A: Models like GPT-2 generalize better when trained on wide variety of internet text rather than narrow datasets like fanfiction, leading to superior performance on diverse tasks.

Continue reading “Dario Amodei — “We are near the end of the exponential”” | >

Optimus Surgeons in 3 Years | MOONSHOTS

Optimus robots, with their rapidly advancing capabilities in AI and dexterity, are poised to revolutionize the field of surgery, potentially surpassing human surgeons in precision and accessibility within a few years and making traditional surgical expertise and even medical school obsolete.

## Questions to inspire discussion.

Healthcare Access & Economics.

🏥 Q: How will Optimus robots change healthcare costs and accessibility?

A: Optimus surgeon robots will operate at costs limited to capital expenditure and electricity, enabling deployment in rural villages and developing countries like Zimbabwe and throughout Africa, demonetizing and decentralizing access to medical care that will exceed what presidents currently receive.

Technology Timeline & Capabilities.

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The Frontier Labs War: Opus 4.6, GPT 5.3 Codex, and the SuperBowl Ads Debacle

Questions to inspire discussion AI Model Performance & Capabilities.

🤖 Q: How does Anthropic’s Opus 4.6 compare to GPT-5.2 in performance?

A: Opus 4.6 outperforms GPT-5.2 by 144 ELO points while handling 1M tokens, and is now in production with recursive self-improvement capabilities that allow it to rewrite its entire tech stack.

🔧 Q: What real-world task demonstrates Opus 4.6’s agent swarm capabilities?

A: An agent swarm created a C compiler in Rust for multiple architectures in weeks for **$20K, a task that would take humans decades, demonstrating AI’s ability to collapse timelines and costs.

🐛 Q: How effective is Opus 4.6 at finding security vulnerabilities?

Continue reading “The Frontier Labs War: Opus 4.6, GPT 5.3 Codex, and the SuperBowl Ads Debacle” | >

Cannabis Access Tied to Big Drop in Daily Opioid Use

Greater access to legal cannabis is associated with a significant drop in daily opioid use, suggesting that cannabis availability may reduce reliance on opioids for pain or other use.

How can cannabis legalization influence opioid use? This is what a recent study published in Drug and Alcohol Dependence hopes to address as a team of researchers investigated behavior connections between cannabis use and opioid use. This study has the potential to help scientists, medical professionals, legislators, and the public better understand the benefits of cannabis, including how it can help the opioid epidemic.

For the study, the researchers analyzed survey data collected from 28,069 individuals designated as people who inject drugs (PWID) during 2012, 2015, 2018, and 2022 across 13 states. The goal of the study was to compare medical cannabis and medical plus recreational cannabis use to opioid use. The respondents were asked to report their past 30-day use for both cannabis and opioids. In the end, the researchers found that users who subscribed to both medical plus recreational cannabis use compared to just medical cannabis use experienced a 9–11 percent decline in opioid use.

The study notes in its conclusions, “Cannabis legalization may shape daily opioid consumption among PWID, potentially reducing drug-related harms. Differences in cannabis use following legalization may reflect disparate impact by race, due to structural racism or other factors. Future research examining whether policy attributable changes in substance use manifest health benefits among PWID is critical to developing evidence-based cannabis reform.”

JUST RECORDED: Elon Musk Announces MAJOR Company Shakeup

Elon Musk Announces MAJOR Company Changes as XAI/SpaceX ## Elon Musk is announcing significant changes and advancements across his companies, primarily focused on developing and integrating artificial intelligence (AI) to drive innovation, productivity, and growth ## ## Questions to inspire discussion.

Product Development & Market Position.

🚀 Q: How fast did xAI achieve market leadership compared to competitors?

A: xAI reached number one in voice, image, video generation, and forecasting with the Grok 4.20 model in just 2.5 years, outpacing competitors who are 5–20 years old with larger teams and more resources.

📱 Q: What scale did xAI’s everything app reach in one year?

A: In one year, xAI went from nothing to 2M Teslas using Grok, deployed a Grok voice agent API, and built an everything app handling legal questions, slide decks, and puzzles.

Continue reading “JUST RECORDED: Elon Musk Announces MAJOR Company Shakeup” | >

How charges invert a long-standing empirical law in glass physics

If you’ve ever watched a glass blower at work, you’ve seen a material behaving in a very special way. As it cools, the viscosity of molten glass increases steadily but gradually, allowing it to be shaped without a mold. Physicists call this behavior a strong glass transition, and silica glass is the textbook example. Most polymer glasses behave very differently, and are known as fragile glass formers. Their viscosity rises much more steeply as temperature drops, and therefore they cannot be processed without a mold or very precise temperature control.

There are other interesting differences between different glass formers. Most glasses exhibit relaxation behavior that deviates strongly from a single-exponential decay; this means that their relaxation is characterized by a broad spectrum of relaxation times, and is often associated with dynamic heterogeneities or cooperative rearrangements.

A long-standing empirical rule links the breadth of the relaxation spectrum to the fragility of the glass: strong glass formers such as silica tend to have a narrow relaxation spectrum, while fragile glass formers such as polymers have a much broader relaxation spectrum.

Sri Newsletter — “We Speak For The Settlers!”

Space Renaissance International (SRI) is a Permanent Observer at the UN’s Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS). We are currently advocating for: Ownership of resources removed from in place (being considered by the COPUOS Working Group on the Legal Aspects of Space Resource Activity); Permanent advisory status for the private sector in Read More

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