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Using atomic nuclei could allow scientists to read time more precisely than ever

Most clocks, from wristwatches to the systems that run GPS and the internet, work by tracking regular, repeating motions.

To build a clock, you need something that ticks in a perfectly repeatable way. In a pendulum clock, that tick is the regular swinging of the pendulum: back and forth, back and forth, at nearly the same rate each time.

Our team of physicists studies whether an even better kind of clock could one day be built from the atomic nucleus. Today’s best clocks already use atoms to keep extraordinarily accurate time. But in principle, a clock based on a nucleus—the tiny, dense core at the center of an atom—rather than an atom’s electrons, could keep a steadier rhythm because it would be less sensitive to environmental disturbances such as temperature changes. In our research, published in the journal Nature, we measured and interpreted a unique nuclear property of thorium-229 in a crystal that could help make such nuclear clocks possible.

Nearly 4,000 US industrial devices exposed to Iranian cyberattacks

The attack surface targeted by Iranian-linked hackers in cyberattacks against U.S. critical infrastructure networks includes thousands of Internet-exposed programmable logic controllers (PLCs) manufactured by Rockwell Automation.

According to a joint advisory issued by multiple U.S. federal agencies on Tuesday, Iranian state-backed hacking groups have been targeting Rockwell Automation/Allen-Bradley PLC devices since March 2026, causing operational disruptions and financial losses.

“Iranian-affiliated APT targeting campaigns against U.S. organizations have recently escalated, likely in response to hostilities between Iran, and the United States and Israel,” the authoring agencies warned.

A tiny detector for microwave photons could advance quantum tech

Detecting a single particle of light is hard; detecting a single microwave photon is even harder. Microwave photons, the tiny packets of electromagnetic radiation used in current technologies like Wi-Fi and radar, carry far less energy than visible light. They are about 100,000 times weaker than optical photons.

Many existing quantum technologies depend on detecting individual photons with high reliability. For visible light, this is well established using devices that convert incoming light directly into electrical signals. But at microwave frequencies (0.3–30 GHz), this fails because each individual photon doesn’t carry enough energy to release an electric charge into a material. This means that detecting single microwave photons requires a completely different strategy.

A long-standing goal has been to realize a simple device capable of continuously detecting microwave photons. Now, scientists at EPFL, led by Pasquale Scarlino, have developed a semiconductor-based detector that takes an important step in that direction.

Forget Wi-Fi This Laser Tech Hits 360 Gbps at Half the Power

A new laser-powered wireless system uses light to deliver data at speeds exceeding 360 Gbps. It could enable faster, more efficient indoor networks while reducing interference and energy use.

Modern life runs on fast, reliable wireless connections. Video calls, streaming, virtual reality, and connected devices all depend on networks that already support billions of users. Most of this data travels over radio-based systems like Wi-Fi and cellular networks. These technologies have powered decades of growth, but they are running into limits. Radio spectrum is becoming crowded, signals can interfere with each other in busy indoor spaces, and energy use keeps rising as more devices come online.

Using light instead of radio waves.

APT37 hackers use new malware to breach air-gapped networks

North Korean hackers are deploying newly uncovered tools to move data between internet-connected and air-gapped systems, spread via removable drives, and conduct covert surveillance.

The malicious campaign has been named Ruby Jumper and is attributed to the state-backed group APT37, also known as ScarCruft, Ricochet Chollima, and InkySquid.

Air-gapped computers are disconnected from external networks, especially the public internet. Physical isolation is achieved at the hardware level by removing all connectivity (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Ethernet), while logical segregation relies on various software-defined controls, like VLANs and firewalls.

AI search robot uses 3D maps and internet knowledge to find lost items

A robot that can locate lost items on command, the latest development at the Technical University of Munich (TUM), combines knowledge from the internet with a spatial map of its surroundings to efficiently find the objects being sought. The new robot from Prof. Angela Schoellig’s TUM Learning Systems and Robotics Lab looks like a broomstick on wheels with a camera mounted at the top. It is one of the first robots that not only integrates image understanding but also applies it to a clearly defined task.

To find a pair of glasses misplaced in the kitchen, for example, the robot has to look around and build a three-dimensional image of the room. The camera initially provides two-dimensional images, but these pixels also contain depth information. This creates a spatial map of the environment that is accurate to the centimeter and is constantly updated. A laptop also provides the robot with information about which objects are visible in the image and what significance they have for humans.

“We have taught the robot to understand its surroundings,” says Prof. Schoellig. The head of the Robotics Lab at the TUM Chair of Safety, Performance and Reliability for Learning Systems aims to develop robots that can navigate any environment independently. Humanoid robots working in factories or robots in care settings in private homes require this newly developed basic understanding, which, as Schoellig explains, “is important for all robots that move in spaces that are constantly changing.” A paper introducing the technology is published in the journal IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters.

Chip-scale light technology could power faster AI and data center communications

Researchers at Trinity have developed a new light-based technology on a tiny chip that could help make the data centers behind cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and global internet services faster and more efficient. In the new research, recently published in Nature Communications, the Trinity team reported one such promising advance with collaborators at the University of Bath and the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL).

The team developed a new way to generate extremely stable signals of light using microscopic ring-shaped devices called “microresonators.” These signals form what scientists call optical frequency combs, sometimes described as “optical rulers” because they produce a series of evenly spaced colors of light that can be used to measure light with remarkable precision.

The researchers also demonstrated a new type of light pulse called a “hyperparametric soliton.” This stable pulse is the key behind the major advancement in this work, as it allows the comb signals to be produced at different colors of light from the laser that powers the device.

New Carbon Nanotube Coating Could Supercharge 6G Technology

Ultrathin nanotube films absorb terahertz waves, boosting 6G performance and enabling advanced shielding and medical applications. Researchers at Skoltech, working with colleagues from KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden, have developed a key technology that could support future 6G commun

Belt-like VO₂(B) single crystals unlock high-sensitivity gas detection at room temperature

An international research team has successfully synthesized oriented belt-shaped vanadium dioxide (VO2(B)) single crystals via a hydrothermal reduction method, using one-dimensional vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanofibers as the starting material. This work, published in the journal ACS Sensors, provides a new material platform and design guidelines for the development of next-generation low-power gas sensors capable of operating at room temperature.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from industrial activities and vehicle exhaust are major urban air pollutants. Because VOCs pose serious environmental and health risks, developing effective monitoring for them is a global concern. Gas sensors can monitor for VOCs, but it has been a major challenge for scientists to develop sensors that work reliably at room temperature. Currently, metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors operate at 200°C–400°C.

“This heating requirement greatly increases power consumption and limits their use in portable devices, battery-powered systems, and large-scale Internet of Things sensor networks,” said Professor Shu Yin from the Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University (also affiliated with the Advanced Institute for Materials Research, WPI-AIMR).

Firefox now has a free built-in VPN with 50GB monthly data limit

Mozilla released Firefox 149 with added privacy protection through a built-in VPN tool offering up to 50GB of monthly traffic.

The feature uses a secure proxy server to route only traffic from the browser, unlike the company’s commercial Mozilla VPN, which covers system-wide traffic.

“Whether you’re using public Wi-Fi while traveling, searching for sensitive health information, or shopping for something personal, this feature gives you a simple way to stay protected,” Mozilla says.

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