Not long ago nanotechnology was a fringe topic; now itâs a flourishing engineering field, and fairly mainstream. For example, while writing this article, I happened to receive an email advertisement for the âSecond World Conference on Nanomedicine and Drug Delivery,â in Kerala, India. It wasnât so long ago that nanomedicine seemed merely a flicker in the eyes of Robert Freitas and a few other visionaries!
But nano is not as small as the world goes. A nanometer is 10â9 meters â the scale of atoms and molecules. A water molecule is a bit less than one nanometer long, and a germ is around a thousand nanometers across. On the other hand, a proton has a diameter of a couple femtometers â where a femtometer, at 10â15 meters, makes a nanometer seem positively gargantuan. Now that the viability of nanotech is widely accepted (in spite of some ongoing heated debates about the details), itâs time to ask: what about femtotech? Picotech or other technologies at the scales between nano and femto seem relatively uninteresting, because we donât know any basic constituents of matter that exist at those scales. But femtotech, based on engineering structures from subatomic particles, makes perfect conceptual sense, though itâs certainly difficult given current technology.
The nanotech field was arguably launched by Richard Feynmanâs 1959 talk âThereâs Plenty of Room at the Bottom.â As Feynman wrote there.