The majority of patients with large B cell lymphomas fail to respond to CAR-T-cell therapy, but ‘warming up’ or ‘cooling down’ the microenvironment may help improve outcomes.
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Spider-inspired magnetic soft robots could perform minimally invasive gastrointestinal tract procedures
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a collection of organs and structures inside the bodies of humans and other animals that is responsible for the digestion of food, the absorption of nutrients and the expulsion of waste. Its underlying parts include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, rectum and anus.
Over the past decades, the incidence of cancer in the GI tract and some other conditions affecting the digestive system has risen substantially. Existing approaches to diagnose and treat GI cancers rely on endoscopy, a medical procedure that entails the inspection of internal organs via a flexible tube with an embedded camera (i.e., endoscope), which is inserted into the body through the anus, mouth or a small incision.
In addition to being highly uncomfortable for patients, endoscopy often fails to reach regions that are deep into the GI tract or are difficult to access due to the body’s natural configuration. Some biomedical engineers have thus been trying to devise alternative systems that could inspect parts of the digestive system more effectively, while causing patients minimal discomfort.
Universal scheme efficiently generates arbitrary two-qubit gates in superconducting quantum processors
The operation of quantum computers, systems that process information leveraging quantum mechanical effects, relies on the implementation of quantum logic gates. These are essentially operations that manipulate qubits, units of information that can exist in a superposition of states and can become entangled.
A type of quantum logic gate that enables the entanglement between qubits is a so-called two-qubit gate. Notably, most existing schemes for generating these gates force qubits outside of the conditions or parameters in which they can best store information and are easier to control.
Researchers at the Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences (BAQIS) and Tsinghua University recently introduced a new universal scheme to implement two-qubit gates in superconducting quantum processors. This scheme, outlined in a paper published in Nature Physics, was found to reliably enable the generation of entanglement between qubits in superconductor-based quantum computers.
Researchers reveal how autism-linked mutation triggers PTSD-like fear
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is widely known for its core features, which include difficulties in social communication and repetitive behaviors. But beyond these, many individuals with ASD also struggle with comorbid conditions, particularly anxiety.
Nearly 40% of children with ASD experience anxiety disorders and often show unusually heightened fear responses. Studies have even suggested that people with ASD may be more vulnerable to trauma, unable to “erase” fear memories, which resembles symptoms seen in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Until now, most evidence for PTSD-like symptoms in ASD has relied on self-reports, leaving the underlying brain mechanisms unclear.
Anti-ageing and increased mental capacity through cannabis
A low-dose long-term administration of cannabis can not only reverse aging processes in the brain, but also has an anti-aging effect. Researchers from the University Hospital Bonn (UKB) and the University of Bonn together with a team from Hebrew University (Israel) have now been able to show this in mice. They found the key to this in the protein switch mTOR, whose signal strength has an influence on cognitive performance and metabolic processes in the entire organism. The results are now presented in the journal “ACS Pharmacology & Translation Science”
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Adaptable 3D bioprinting technique can boost engineered tissue output
The field of tissue engineering aims to replicate the structure and function of real biological tissues. This engineered tissue has potential applications in disease modeling, drug discovery, and implantable grafts.