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Dec 12, 2024

A matter of taste: Electronic tongue reveals AI inner thoughts

Posted by in categories: chemistry, food, robotics/AI

UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — A recently developed electronic tongue is capable of identifying differences in similar liquids, such as milk with varying water content; diverse products, including soda types and coffee blends; signs of spoilage in fruit juices; and instances of food safety concerns. The team, led by researchers at Penn State, also found that results were even more accurate when artificial intelligence (AI) used its own assessment parameters to interpret the data generated by the electronic tongue.

(Many people already posted this. This is the press release from Penn Sate who did the research)


The tongue comprises a graphene-based ion-sensitive field-effect transistor, or a conductive device that can detect chemical ions, linked to an artificial neural network, trained on various datasets. Critically, Das noted, the sensors are non-functionalized, meaning that one sensor can detect different types of chemicals, rather than having a specific sensor dedicated to each potential chemical. The researchers provided the neural network with 20 specific parameters to assess, all of which are related to how a sample liquid interacts with the sensor’s electrical properties. Based on these researcher-specified parameters, the AI could accurately detect samples — including watered-down milks, different types of sodas, blends of coffee and multiple fruit juices at several levels of freshness — and report on their content with greater than 80% accuracy in about a minute.

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Dec 11, 2024

Scientists ‘write’ new information into the human brain with MRI

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, neuroscience

The new study demonstrates the ability to learn new skills without conscious effort.


Researchers have developed a groundbreaking technique using brain imaging and neurofeedback to induce learning without conscious effort.

Dec 11, 2024

Estimation of physiological aging based on routine clinical biomarkers: a prospective cohort study in elderly Chinese and the UK Biobank

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, life extension

Chronological age (CA) does not reflect individual variation in the aging process. However, existing biological age predictors are mostly based on European populations and overlook the widespread nonlinear effects of clinical biomarkers.

Using data from the prospective Dongfeng-Tongji (DFTJ) cohort of elderly Chinese, we propose a physiological aging index (PAI) based on 36 routine clinical biomarkers to measure aging progress. We first determined the optimal level of each biomarker by restricted cubic spline Cox models. For biomarkers with a U-shaped relationship with mortality, we derived new variables to model their distinct effects below and above the optimal levels. We defined PAI as a weighted sum of variables predictive of mortality selected by a LASSO Cox model. To measure aging acceleration, we defined ΔPAI as the residual of PAI after regressing on CA. We evaluated the predictive value of ΔPAI on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the DFTJ cohort, as well as nine major chronic diseases in the UK Biobank (UKB).

In the DFTJ training set (n = 12,769, median follow-up: 10.38 years), we identified 25 biomarkers with significant nonlinear associations with mortality, of which 11 showed insignificant linear associations. By incorporating nonlinear effects, we selected CA and 17 clinical biomarkers to calculate PAI. In the DFTJ testing set (n = 15,904, 5.87 years), PAI predict mortality with a concordance index (C-index) of 0.816 (95% confidence interval, [0.796, 0.837]), better than CA (C-index = 0.771 [0.755, 0.788]) and PhenoAge (0.799 [0.784, 0.814]). ΔPAI was predictive of incident CVD and its subtypes, independent of traditional risk factors. In the external validation set of UKB (n = 296,931, 12.80 years), PAI achieved a C-index of 0.749 (0.746, 0.752) to predict mortality, remaining better than CA (0.706 [0.702, 0.709]) and PhenoAge (0.743 [0.739, 0.746]).

Dec 11, 2024

AI-powered crimefighting dog ‘Beth’ patrols Atlanta apartment complex

Posted by in categories: habitats, robotics/AI

ATLANTA — An innovative approach to public safety is taking shape on Cleveland Avenue, where Atlanta City Councilman Antonio Lewis has partnered with the 445 Cleveland apartment complex to deploy AI-powered robotic dogs to deter crime.

The robotic dog, named “Beth,” is equipped with 360-degree cameras, a siren, and stair-climbing capabilities. Unlike other artificial intelligence robots like “Spunky” on Boulevard, Beth is monitored in real time by a human operator located in Bogotá, Colombia.

“Our operator who is physically watching these cameras needs to deploy the dog. It’s all in one system, and they are just controlling it, like a video game at home, except it’s not a video game—it’s Beth,” said Avi Wolf, the owner of 445 Cleveland.

Dec 11, 2024

World’s 1st single-photon laser radar can reach 3,280 feet below sea

Posted by in category: futurism

A team of Chinese researchers from Xiamen University has won the 2023 “Best Paper Prize” from Applied Optics for their groundbreaking work on a single-photon Raman lidar system. Published in June last year, their paper outshone 1,278 other submissions, securing the top spot.

The paper presented radar technology capable of detecting objects at significant depths with such clarity that it has been compared to “fishing for a needle in the sea.”

Dec 11, 2024

The most dangerous delivery truck? How a lorry-load of antimatter will help solve secrets of universe

Posted by in category: transportation

Fantastically expensive and hard to handle, the substance holds the key to a holy grail of science. And experts at Cern now know how to transport it.

Dec 11, 2024

Centromeres could be ‘hotspots’ for evolutionary innovation

Posted by in categories: biological, genetics

New research reveals that centromeres, which are responsible for proper cell division, can rapidly reorganize over short time scales. Biologists at the University of Rochester are calling a discovery they made in a mysterious region of the chromosome known as the centromere a potential game-changer in the field of chromosome biology.

“We’re really excited about this work,” says Amanda Larracuente, the Nathaniel and Helen Wisch Professor of Biology, whose lab oversaw the research that led to the findings, which appear in PLOS Biology.

The discovery involves an intricate and seemingly carefully choreographed genetic tug-of-war between elements in the centromere, which is responsible for proper cell division. Instead of storing genes, centromeres anchor proteins that move chromosomes around the cell as it splits. If a centromere fails to function, cells may divide with too few or too many chromosomes.

Dec 11, 2024

Scientists Uncover 240-Million-Year-Old Extinct Species Using Particle Accelerator

Posted by in category: particle physics

Scientists have made a groundbreaking discovery of a new extinct species of coelacanth, thanks to an unexpected tool: a particle accelerator. This cutting-edge technology allowed scientists to analyze 240-million-year-old fossils in unprecedented detail. The new species sheds light on ancient fish behavior and anatomy in ways never before possible.

Dec 11, 2024

Electronics giant Delta picks DFW city for 1,500-employee plant

Posted by in categories: economics, innovation

“We thank Delta Electronics for choosing to grow in Texas,” said Adriana Cruz, executive director of the Texas Economic Development & Tourism Office. “As the most popular location in the U.S. for foreign direct investment over the last two decades and a national leader in advanced manufacturing, we know that Delta Electronics’ expanding facility will continue to thrive here in the Lone Star State. It’s thanks to innovative companies like Delta Electronics that Texas will continue to create good-paying careers in high-demand industries and build the technologies of the future. We congratulate our local and regional economic development partners in Plano on this remarkable win.”

Plano is the largest city in Collin County, with a population of more than 294,000.

Dec 11, 2024

Rethinking the brain pacemaker: How better nanocomposites can improve signals

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, mobile phones, nanotechnology, neuroscience

Two years ago, a medical professional approached scientists at the University of Tabriz in Iran with an interesting problem: Patients were having headaches after pacemaker implants. Working together to investigate, they began to wonder if the underlying issue is the materials used in the pacemakers.

“Managing that affects patients is crucial,” author Baraa Chasib Mezher said. “For example, a person with a may experience interference from external electrical fields from phones or the sounds of cars, as well as various electromagnetic forces present in daily life. It is essential to develop novel biomaterials for the outlet gate of brain pacemakers that can effectively handle .”

In an article published this week in AIP Advances, Mezher, who is an Iraqi doctoral student studying in Iran, and her colleagues at the Nanostructured and Novel Materials Laboratory at the University of Tabriz created organic materials for brain and heart pacemakers, which rely on uninterrupted signal delivery to be effective.

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