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In 2022, scientists from Northwestern University presented novel observational data indicating that long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) might originate from the collision of a neutron star with another dense celestial body, such as another neutron star or a black hole — a finding that was previously believed to be impossible.

Now, another Northwestern team offers a potential explanation for what generated the unprecedented and incredibly luminous burst of light.

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An international team of astronomers has employed a set of space telescopes to observe a peculiar nuclear transient known as AT 2019avd. Results of the observational campaign, presented in a paper published December 21 on the pre-print server arXiv, deliver important insights into the properties and behavior of this transient.

Nuclear astrophysics is key to understanding supernova explosions, and in particular the synthesis of the chemical elements that evolved after the Big Bang. Therefore, detecting and investigating nuclear transient events could be essential in order to advance our knowledge in this field.

At a redshift of 0.028, AT 2019avd is a peculiar nuclear transient discovered by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) in 2009. The transient has been detected in various wavelengths, from radio to soft X-rays, and has recently exhibited two continuous flaring episodes with different profiles, spanning over two years.

Facing a power wall and the limit of physics, chip makers are in a constant battle to reengineer and re-evaluate ways to build a better CPU.

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Continue reading “What Is Time? | Professor Sean Carroll Explains Presentism and Eternalism” »

Published 12 August 2020 • © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd Journal of Physics: Photonics, Volume 2, Number 4 Focus on Photonics for Neural Information Processing Citation Matěj Hejda et al 2020 J. Phys. Photonics 2 044001 DOI 10.1088/2515–7647/aba670

The science of predicting chaotic systems lies at the intriguing intersection of physics and computer science. This field delves into understanding and forecasting the unpredictable nature of systems where small initial changes can lead to significantly divergent outcomes. It’s a realm where the butterfly effect reigns supreme, challenging the traditional notions of predictability and order.

Central to the challenge in this domain is the unpredictability inherent in chaotic systems. Forecasting these systems is complex due to their sensitive dependence on initial conditions, making long-term predictions highly challenging. Researchers strive to find methods that can accurately anticipate the future states of such systems despite the inherent unpredictability.

Prior approaches in chaotic system prediction have largely centered around domain-specific and physics-based models. These models, informed by an understanding of the underlying physical processes, have been the traditional tools for tackling the complexities of chaotic systems. However, their effectiveness is often limited by the intricate nature of the systems they attempt to predict.

A study published today (Dec. 15) in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics reveals the discovery of two new planetary systems orbiting stars similar to our sun, also known as solar analogs.

The study was led by Dr. Eder Martioli, a full researcher at the Laboratório Nacional de Astrofísica (LNA/MCTI) and an associate researcher at the Institut d’astrophysique de Paris (IAP), and by Dr. Guillaume Hébrard, a researcher at the Institut d’astrophysique de Paris (IAP).

Observations responsible for detecting these two systems, named TOI-1736 and TOI-2141, were conducted using NASA’s TESS space telescope and the SOPHIE spectrograph installed on the 1.93 m telescope at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP) in southern France, both illustrated in Figure 1.

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