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Category: materials – Page 95

New study reveals comet airburst evidence from 12,800 years ago

Researchers continue to expand the case for the Younger Dryas Impact hypothesis. The idea proposes that a fragmented comet smashed into the Earth’s atmosphere 12,800 years ago, causing a widespread climatic shift that, among other things, led to the abrupt reversal of the Earth’s warming trend and into an anomalous near-glacial period called the Younger Dryas.

Now, UC Santa Barbara emeritus professor James Kennett and colleagues report the presence of proxies associated with the cosmic airburst distributed over several separate sites in the eastern United States (New Jersey, Maryland and South Carolina), materials indicative of the force and temperature involved in such an event, including platinum, microspherules, meltglass and shock-fractured quartz. The study appears in the journal Airbursts and Cratering.

“What we’ve found is that the pressures and temperatures were not characteristic of major crater-forming impacts but were consistent with so-called ‘touchdown’ airbursts that don’t form much in the way of craters,” Kennett said.

Scientists Implant Radioactive Material Into Horn of Living Rhinoceros to Poison Anyone Who Consumes It

In an effort to make them useless to poachers, researchers are implanting radioactive isotopes into the horns of rhinos in South Africa.

The unusual material would “render the horn useless… essentially poisonous for human consumption,” James Larkin, professor and dean of science at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, told Agence France-Presse.

The isotopes would also be “strong enough to set off detectors that are installed globally,” Larkin added, referring to hardware that was originally installed to “prevent nuclear terrorism.”

Engineers create world’s thinnest wire stable at 0 Kelvin

The team wondered if they could somehow leverage crystalline structures to identify a perfect candidate, sans building thousands of them in a lab.

The researchers were mostly on the lookout for 3D crystals with the right structural and electronic properties, so they could be “exfoliated.” 2D materials like graphene were extracted using this process from 3D.

However, this would be the first time researchers exfoliated one-dimensional materials like carbon nanotubes. This approach created a database of around 78,000 known 3D crystalline structures.

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