Menu

Blog

Archive for the ‘life extension’ category: Page 119

Jan 16, 2023

Michael Greve | Longevity Investing @ Vision Weekend France 2022

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, computing, life extension, nanotechnology

This video was recorded at the Foresight Vision Weekend 2022 at Château du Feÿ in France.

Michael Greve | Longevity Investing.

Continue reading “Michael Greve | Longevity Investing @ Vision Weekend France 2022” »

Jan 16, 2023

Epigenetic “reboot” reverses aging in mice and could extend lifespan

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, genetics, life extension

Scientists at Harvard Medical School have investigated why we age, and identified a possible way to reverse it. In tests in mice, the team showed that epigenetic “software glitches” drive the symptoms of aging – and a system reboot can reverse them, potentially extending lifespan.

Our genome contains our complete DNA blueprint, which is found in every single cell of our bodies. But it’s not the whole picture – an extra layer of information, known as the epigenome, sits above that and controls which genes are switched on and off in different types of cells. It’s as though every cell in our body is working from the same operating manual (the genome), but the epigenome is like a table of contents that directs different cells to different chapters (genes). After all, lung cells need very different instructions to heart cells.

Environmental and lifestyle factors like diet, exercise and even childhood experiences could change epigenetic expression over our lifetimes. Epigenetic changes have been linked to the rate of biological aging, but whether they drove the symptoms of aging or were a symptom themselves remained unclear.

Jan 16, 2023

The loss of epigenetic information accelerates the aging process

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, genetics, life extension

Chromatin structures and transcriptional networks are known to specify cell identity during development which directs cells into metaphorical valleys in the Waddington landscape. Cells must retain their identity through the preservation of epigenetic information and a state of low Shannon entropy for the maintenance of optimal function. Yeast studies in the 1990s have reported that a loss of epigenetic information compared to genetics can cause aging. Few other studies also confirmed that epigenetic changes are not just a biomarker but a cause of aging in yeasts.

Epigenetic changes associated with aging include changes in DNA methylation (DNAme) patterns, H3K27me3, H3K9me3, and H3K9me3. Many epigenetic changes have been observed to follow a specific pattern. However, the reason for changes in the mammalian epigenome is not yet known. A few clues can be obtained from yeast, where DSB is a significant factor whose repair requires epigenetic regulators Esa1, Gcn5, Rpd3, Hst1, and Sir2. As per the ‘‘RCM’’ hypothesis and ‘Information Theory of Aging’’, aging in eukaryotes occurs due to the loss of epigenetic information and transcriptional networks in response to cellular damage such as a crash injury or a DSB.

A new study in the journal Cell aimed to determine whether epigenetic changes are a cause of mammalian aging.

Jan 16, 2023

Evolutionary transcriptomics reveals longevity mostly driven by polygenic and indirect selection in mammals

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, life extension

The maximum lifespan varies more than 100-fold in mammals. This experiment of nature may uncover of the evolutionary forces and molecular features that define longevity. To understand the relationship between gene expression variation and maximum lifespan, we carried out a comparative transcriptomics analysis of liver, kidney, and brain tissues of 106 mammalian species. We found that expression is largely conserved and very limited genes exhibit common expression patterns with longevity in all the three organs analyzed. However, many pathways, e.g., “Insulin signaling pathway”, and “FoxO signaling pathway”, show accumulated correlations with maximum lifespan across mammals. Analyses of selection features further reveal that methionine restriction related genes whose expressions associated with longevity, are under strong selection in long-lived mammals, suggesting that a common approach could be utilized by natural selection and artificial intervention to control lifespan. These results suggest that natural lifespan regulation via gene expression is likely to be driven through polygenic model and indirect selection.

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Jan 15, 2023

How Long Could Science Increase Our Lifespan?

Posted by in categories: life extension, science

Uncover the truth behind the human lifespan. From Ancient Rome to modern America, discover the progress we’ve made in extending life expectancy and the flaws in measuring it. Join us as we explore the science of aging, the pursuit of immortality, and the ongoing debate on the limits of human longevity.

Jan 15, 2023

Overactive Cell Metabolism Linked to Biological Aging

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, life extension, neuroscience

Why do cells, and by extension humans, age? The answer may have a lot to do with mitochondria, the organelles that supply cells with energy. Though that idea is not new, direct evidence in human cells had been lacking. Until now.

In a study published Jan. 12 in Communications Biology, a team led by Columbia University researchers has discovered that human cells with impaired mitochondria respond by kicking into higher gear and expending more energy. While this adaptation—called hypermetabolism—enhances the cells’ short-term survival, it comes at a high cost: a dramatic increase in the rate at which the cells age.

“The findings were made in cells from patients with rare mitochondrial diseases, yet they may also have relevance for other conditions that affect mitochondria, including neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory conditions, and infections,” says principal investigator Martin Picard, PhD, associate professor of behavioral medicine (in psychiatry and neurology) at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons.

Jan 14, 2023

Immortal jellyfish: Scientists are deciphering genes to learn secrets

Posted by in categories: biological, life extension

This process can occur endlessly and allows the jellyfish to escape death.

Achieving immortality has driven human beings throughout much of their history. Many peculiar legends and fables have been told about the search for the elixirs of life. Medieval alchemists worked tirelessly to find the formula for the philosopher’s stone, which granted rejuvenating powers. Another well-known story is the travels of Juan Ponce de León, who searched for the mysterious fountain of youth while conquering the New World.

But to this day, no one has discovered the keys to eternal life. However, there is one exception — a creature no more than four millimeters in size, Turritopsis dohrnii.

Continue reading “Immortal jellyfish: Scientists are deciphering genes to learn secrets” »

Jan 14, 2023

How to Reverse Aging? David Sinclair — Epigenetic Information

Posted by in categories: genetics, life extension

Loss of epigenetic information can drive aging, restoration can reverse it.

Sources:

Continue reading “How to Reverse Aging? David Sinclair — Epigenetic Information” »

Jan 14, 2023

What is Rapamycin? Benefits and Side Effects

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, life extension

We take a look at and why some researchers think it could be useful in combating aging.

Rapamycin is a macrolide, a class of antibiotic that includes erythromycin, roxithromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin. exhibits potent antitumor and immunosuppressive activity.

Where is found?

Jan 14, 2023

Loss of epigenetic information as a cause of mammalian aging

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, genetics, life extension

Aging is characterized by changes in cellular identity and function over time. This process is driven by changes in chromatin factor localization during DNA break repair, which alters the epigenome and advances the epigenetic clock. Expression of a subset of Yamanka factors, OSK, can reverse these changes and modulate aging.