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Archive for the ‘cosmology’ category: Page 143

Feb 11, 2023

How to make a black hole | NASA’s Michelle Thaller | Big Think

Posted by in categories: cosmology, particle physics

How to make a black hole.
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There’s more than one way to make a black hole, says NASA’s Michelle Thaller. They’re not always formed from dead stars. For example, there are teeny tiny black holes all around us, the result of high-energy cosmic rays slamming into our atmosphere with enough force to cram matter together so densely that no light can escape.

Continue reading “How to make a black hole | NASA’s Michelle Thaller | Big Think” »

Feb 11, 2023

The Universe Is Too Smooth

Posted by in category: cosmology

Results from a complex new analysis support cosmologists’ suspicions that something is missing from our understanding of the universe.

For the most part, our standard theory of cosmology fits observations like a glove. With just a handful of ingredients, scientists can explain the patchy pattern of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) — the relic radiation from the universe’s primordial age — and how the nearly uniform soup it came from transformed into the Swiss cheese of galaxy clusters and cosmic voids we see today.

But some nagging problems remain. The most touted is the Hubble tension, a discrepancy between how fast the universe appears to be expanding today and how fast it “should” be expanding, based on what we see in the early universe. But there’s another, more subtle discrepancy: Today’s universe is too smooth.

Feb 9, 2023

Weird Supernova Remnant Blows Scientists’ Minds

Posted by in category: cosmology

When dying stars explode as supernovae, they usually eject a chaotic web of dust and gas. But a new image of a supernova’s remains looks completely different — as though its central star sparked a cosmic fireworks display. It is the most unusual remnant that researchers have ever found, and could point to a rare type of supernova that astronomers have long struggled to explain.

“I have worked on supernova remnants for 30 years, and I’ve never seen anything like this,” says Robert Fesen, an astronomer at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, who imaged the remnant late last year. He reported his findings at a meeting of the American Astronomical Society on 12 January and posted them in a not-yet-peer-reviewed paper on the same day.

Feb 9, 2023

Why more and more physicists consider space and time to be “illusions”

Posted by in categories: computing, cosmology, holograms, quantum physics

O.o! If the universe is some sorta hologram then this could be a clue to our actual reality.


Last December, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded for experimental evidence of a quantum phenomenon that has been known for more than 80 years: entanglement. As envisioned by Albert Einstein and his collaborators in 1935, quantum objects can be mysteriously correlated even when separated by great distances. But as strange as the phenomenon may seem, why is such an old idea still worthy of the most prestigious award in physics?

Coincidentally, just weeks before the new Nobel laureates were honored in Stockholm, another team of respected scientists from Harvard, MIT, Caltech, Fermilab and Google reported that they ran a process on Google’s quantum computer that could be interpreted as a wormhole. Wormholes are tunnels through the universe that can function as a shortcut through space and time and are loved by science fiction fans, and although the tunnel realized in this latest experiment only exists in a two-dimensional toy universe, it could be a breakthrough for the future represent research at the forefront of physics.

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Feb 9, 2023

If wormholes exist, they might magnify light by 100,000 times

Posted by in categories: cosmology, physics

A small team of astrophysicists affiliated with several institutions in China has found evidence that suggests if wormholes are real, they might magnify light by 100,000 times. In their paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters, the group describes the theories they have developed and possible uses for them.

Prior theoretical efforts have suggested that might exist in the , described as tunnels of a sort, connecting different parts of the universe. Some in the physics community have suggested that it may be possible to traverse such tunnels, allowing for faster-than-light travel across the universe. The researchers note that prior research has shown that black holes have such a strong gravitational pull that they are able to bend light, a phenomenon known as microlensing. They then wondered if wormholes, if they exist, also exhibit microlensing.

Proving that wormholes cause microlensing would, of course, involve first proving that wormholes exist. Still, the researchers suggest that and other theories could clarify whether the idea is even possible. In their work, they discovered that it was possible to calculate how an associated with a wormhole would warp the light passing by it. They also found theoretical evidence that wormhole would be similar to black hole lensing, which, they note, would make it difficult to tell the two apart.

Feb 8, 2023

Ask Ethan: What are white holes, and do they really exist?

Posted by in category: cosmology

In General Relativity, white holes are just as mathematically plausible as black holes. Black holes are real; what about white holes?

Feb 8, 2023

The Deadliest Hard Sci-Fi Weapon You’ve Never Heard Of (Macrons, Dust Guns)

Posted by in categories: cosmology, robotics/AI

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Spacedock delves into a powerful but lesser known sci-fi space weapon.

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Feb 8, 2023

Hubble Space Telescope captures chaotic globular cluster near Milky Way’s core

Posted by in category: cosmology

A stunning Hubble Space Telescope image shows the chaotic and densely packed stars of the globular cluster NGC 6355.

The globular cluster is located around 31,000 light-years from Earth in the inner region of the Milky Way — so deep into our galaxy that it is just 4,600 light-years from our galaxy’s central supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A*.

Feb 8, 2023

Stephen Hawking’s famous theory about black holes was proven to be true

Posted by in categories: cosmology, physics

One of Stephen Hawking’s most famous ideas has been proven to be right thanks to the ripples in space-time that were caused when two black holes far away merged. Hawking got the black hole area theorem from Einstein’s theory of general relativity in 1971. It says that a black hole’s surface area can’t go down over time. The second law of thermodynamics says that the entropy, or disorder, of a closed system must always go up. This rule is important to physicists because it seems to tell time to go in a certain direction. Since a black hole’s entropy is related to its surface area, both must always go up.

According to the new study, the fact that the researchers confirmed the area law seems to show that the properties of black holes are important clues to the hidden laws that run the universe. Surprisingly, the area law seems to go against one of the famous physicist’s proven theorems, which says that black holes should evaporate over very long periods of time. This suggests that figuring out why the two theories don’t match up could lead to new physics.

“The surface area of a black hole can’t get smaller, which is similar to the second law of thermodynamics. It also has a conservation of mass, which is similar to the conservation of energy, said the lead author, an astrophysicist from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology named Maximiliano Isi. ” At first, people were like, ‘Wow, that’s a cool parallel,’ but we quickly figured out that this was very important. The amount of entropy in a black hole is equal to its size. It’s not just a funny coincidence; they show something important about the world.” The event horizon is the point beyond which nothing, not even light, can get away from a black hole’s strong gravitational pull. Hawking’s understanding of general relativity is that a black hole’s surface area goes up as its mass goes up. Since nothing that falls into a black hole can get out, its surface area can’t go down.

Feb 8, 2023

Don’t Be Sold on Black Hole Imitators

Posted by in category: cosmology

The results of new simulations negate the argument that some objects thought to be black holes are instead hypothetical exotic systems called bosonic stars.