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Archive for the ‘chemistry’ category: Page 3

Jan 7, 2025

Jellyfish Protein Shines Bright in Quantum Sensor for Biomedical Applications

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, chemistry, computing, engineering, neuroscience, quantum physics

While most of us are familiar with magnets from childhood games of marveling at the power of their repulsion or attraction, fewer realize the magnetic fields that surround us—and the ones inside us. Magnetic fields are not just external curiosities; they play essential roles in our bodies and beyond, influencing biological processes and technological systems alike. A recent arXiv publication from the University of Chicago’s Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering and Argonne National Laboratory highlights how magnetic fields in the body may be analyzed using quantum-enabled fluorescent proteins, with hopes of applying to cell formation or early disease detection.

Detecting subtle changes in magnetic fields may equate to beyond subtle impacts in certain fields. For instance, quantum sensors could be applied to the detection of electromagnetic anomalies in data centers, potentially revealing evidence of malicious tampering. Similarly, they might be used to study changes in the brain’s electromagnetic signals, offering insights into neurological diseases such as the onset of dementia. However, these applications demand sensors that are not only sensitive but also capable of operating reliably in real-world conditions.

Spin qubits, known for their notable sensitivity to magnetic fields, are introduced in the study as a compelling solution. Traditionally, spin qubits have been formed from nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamonds. While these systems have demonstrated remarkable precision, the diamonds’ bulky size in relation to molecules and complex surface chemistry limit their usability in biological environments. This creates a need for a more adaptable and biologically compatible sensor.

Jan 7, 2025

Scientists identify 11 genes affected by PFAS, shedding light on neurotoxicity

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, chemistry, health, neuroscience

Per-and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) earn their “forever chemical” moniker by persisting in water, soil and even the human brain. This unique ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in brain tissue makes PFAS particularly concerning, but the underlying mechanism of their neurotoxicity must be studied further.

To that end, a new study by University at Buffalo researchers has identified 11 genes that may hold the key to understanding the brain’s response to these pervasive chemicals commonly found in everyday items. The paper is published in the journal ACS Chemical Neuroscience.

These genes, some involved in processes vital for neuronal health, were found to be consistently affected by PFAS exposure, either expressing more or less, regardless of the type of PFAS compounds tested. For example, all compounds caused a gene key for neuronal cell survival to express less, and another gene linked to neuronal cell death to express more.

Jan 7, 2025

Unlocking the Potential of Platinum: New Catalyst Enhances CO2 Reduction Efficiency

Posted by in categories: chemistry, sustainability

A new study uncovers a molecular modification method for converting CO2 into valuable chemical resources using a platinum surface.

Copper-based (Cu) materials are widely recognized for their efficiency in converting CO2 into valuable hydrocarbons via the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). However, their stability, particularly in acidic environments, needs significant improvement. In contrast, metallic platinum (Pt) demonstrates excellent stability under both acidic and alkaline conditions. However, its high activity in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) hinders its effectiveness in CO2RR applications.

To address these challenges, composite materials incorporating metal-doped molecules offer a promising solution. These modified molecules can be securely retained at the interface, forming a unique structure that enhances the metal interface properties. This configuration not only increases the contact between reactants and active sites but also optimizes the adsorption strength of critical intermediates, ultimately improving catalytic performance.

Jan 6, 2025

This Water-Resistant Paper Could Revolutionize Packaging and Replace Plastic

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, chemistry, engineering

A groundbreaking study showcases the creation of sustainable hydrophobic paper, enhanced by cellulose nanofibres and peptides, presenting a biodegradable alternative to petroleum-based materials, with potential uses in packaging and biomedical devices.

Researchers aimed to develop hydrophobic paper by leveraging the strength and water resistance of cellulose nanofibers, creating a sustainable, high-performance material suitable for packaging and biomedical applications. This innovative approach involved integrating short protein chains, known as peptide sequences, without chemically altering the cellulose nanofibers. The result is a potential alternative to petroleum-based materials, with significant environmental benefits.

The study, titled “Nanocellulose-short peptide self-assembly for improved mechanical strength and barrier performance,” was recently featured on the cover of the Journal of Materials Chemistry B. The research was conducted by the “Giulio Natta” Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering at Politecnico di Milano, in collaboration with Aalto University, the VTT-Technical Research Centre of Finland, and the SCITEC Institute of the CNR.

Jan 6, 2025

Building blocks of life can form long before stars

Posted by in categories: alien life, chemistry

Early Formation of Life’s Building Blocks

A groundbreaking study published in Nature Astronomy has revealed that amino acids, essential for life, can form in dark interstellar clouds long before stars and planets emerge. Glycine, the simplest amino acid, was shown to form on the surface of icy dust grains in cold, energy-deprived environments through a process called “dark chemistry.” These findings challenge the long-standing belief that UV radiation was required to create glycine, significantly expanding our understanding of how life’s precursors emerge in space.

Jan 4, 2025

Scientists Warn Against Creation of Mirror Life That May Cause an Extinction

Posted by in categories: biological, bitcoin, chemistry, cryptocurrencies, existential risks

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Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about the potential dangers of mirror life.
Links:
https://purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036
https://theconversation.com/mirror-life-forms-may-sound-like…ent-246013
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41565-024-01627-z.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41557-023-01411-x.
Previous videos:


https://youtu.be/0MRGJNKACYs.
https://youtu.be/L1wkR-92Rys.
#chirality #biology #mirrorlife.

Continue reading “Scientists Warn Against Creation of Mirror Life That May Cause an Extinction” »

Jan 4, 2025

Timely TGFβ signalling inhibition induces notochord

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, chemistry, neuroscience

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The work, published today in Nature, marks a significant step forward in our ability to study how the human body takes shape during early development.

The notochord, a rod-shaped tissue, is a crucial part of the scaffold of the developing body. It is a defining feature of all animals with backbones and plays a critical role in organising the tissue in the developing embryo.

Continue reading “Timely TGFβ signalling inhibition induces notochord” »

Jan 1, 2025

Neuroscientists just discovered memory processes in non-brain cells

Posted by in categories: chemistry, neuroscience

Non-neural cells can mimic memory-like behavior. These cells ‘remember’ chemical patterns over time, showing that memory mechanisms aren’t exclusive to the brain but rely on fundamental cellular processes.

Jan 1, 2025

Donald Cram, Nobel Laureate and UCLA Chemist, Dies at 82

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, chemistry, education, engineering

Donald J. Cram, a Nobel Prize-winning chemist who taught andconducted research at UCLA for more than 50 years and is remembered bythousands of undergraduates for singing and playing guitar in class, died ofcancer June 17 at his home in Palm Desert. He was 82.

A renowned scientist who was as comfortable riding the waveswith friends in the San Onofre Surfing Club as he was in his lab at UCLAconstructing complex molecular models, Cram won the Nobel Prize in 1987 and theNational Medal of Science in 1993 for his work in host-guest chemistry, a fieldhe helped to create. In 1998, he wasranked among the 75 most important chemists of the past 75 years byChemical and Engineering News.

“DonaldCram stands alone in the incredible variety, beauty and depth of hisaccomplishments,” read the citation for Cram’s National Medal of Science. “His investigations have helped give thisscience its form and sophistication. Hetruly brought art to science by making his science an art.”

Jan 1, 2025

Bedbugs Are Stronger Than Ever and Scientists Just Found Out Why

Posted by in categories: biotech/medical, chemistry, genetics

Link :


Ever since then, researchers have marveled at the bedbug’s resilience. No matter what kind of chemical insecticide we throw at it, they manage to survive. This is due in large part to its development of insecticide resistance. Recent research conducted by Hidemasa Bono at Hiroshima University found that a series of genetic mutations explain the bedbug’s resistance to insecticides.

To figure that out, Bono and his team took a peek at the genome of an insecticide-resistant bedbug. They then compared it to bedbug samples collected in 2010 from a hotel in Hiroshima, along with wild bedbugs dating back to the 1950s. They used a technique called long-read sequencing to create nearly free and nearly error-free genomic maps to compare the various bedbugs across time. This allowed them to see several different mutations across the three types of bedbugs.

Continue reading “Bedbugs Are Stronger Than Ever and Scientists Just Found Out Why” »

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